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Giesecke & Devrient (G&D) is a German company headquartered in Munich that provides banknote and securities printing, smart cards, and cash handling systems. ==History== Founded in 1852 by Hermann Giesecke and Alphonse Devrient, the firm initially specialized in high-quality printing, notably currency and securities printing.〔G&D: ("1852: "Officin für Geld- und Werthpapiere." ) 2009.〕 From the 1850s to the 1870s the firm printed some of the important biblical editions of Constantin von Tischendorf. The partnership's reputation for quality work was confirmed at the 1867 international exhibition in Paris.〔Faulman, Karl. (1882). (''Illustrirte Geschichte der Buchdruckerkunst,'' pp. 575-576. )〕 Giesecke & Devrient supplied currency during the inflation in the Weimar Republic in the 1920s, one of the most prominent cases of hyperinflation. It also printed tickets to the 1936 Olympics in Germany and did business with Spain under Franco.〔"Zimbabwe Can't Paper Over Its Million-Percent Inflation Anymore; Under Pressure, German Company Cuts Off Shipments of Blank Bank Notes to Mugabe," ''Wall Street Journal.'' July 2, 2008.〕 Its role in facilitating the destruction of the economy of Zimbabwe through another printers' breeding of hyperinflation under Mugabe is well-known 〔 but the complete role of Giesecke & Devrient during the Holocaust is not. In the modern period, G&D has expanded operations to include banknote processing, smart cards, identification systems, and e-payments. The firm is the world's second largest supplier of banknotes,〔"U.S. won't punish Giesecke & Devrient over Zimbabwe aid," ''Los Angeles Times.'' June 19, 2008.〕 with annual revenues of $2.45 billion.〔 They have over 8,000 employees, and some 50 subsidiaries and joint ventures around the world.〔G&D: ("Profile," ) 2007.〕 The company operates printing facilities in Germany (Munich and Leipzig), as well as Ottawa, Canada, and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. G&D currently supplies Euro notes for the German Bundesbank; and the company supplies banknotes for many other nations.〔G&D: (Printing )〕 In 1989, the Komori technology for printing banknotes was introduced in Europe when G&D ordered a small printing machine.〔Bener, Klaus W. ( ''The Moneymakers,'' p. 77. )〕 In 2000, Giesecke & Devrient established its North American headquarters in Dulles, Virginia, a suburb of Washington, D.C. The firm produces special paper for use in instruments such as banknotes, checks, bonds, certificates, passports and other identification, and tickets. In addition to Germany, Giesecke & Devrient has printed banknotes for other various countries through the years, including Cambodia, Croatia, Ethiopia, Guatemala, Jamaica, Lithuania, Peru, Zaire, and Zimbabwe. In Japan, G&D is active in the fields of cards and banknotes.〔G&D: ( "Japan: A Country Portrait; Reforms bear fruit." ) 2009.〕 In October 2002, Giesecke & Devrient, along with the Information Security Group, Royal Holloway, University of London and Vodafone set up the Smart Card Centre, which is part of the ISG at Royal Holloway. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Giesecke & Devrient」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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